The shift of the hydrogen absorption spectrum of the Galaxy provides evidence for the following:
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Expansion of the universe - The redshift observed in the spectrum indicates that galaxies are moving away from us, supporting the idea of an expanding universe.
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Motion of the Galaxy - The Doppler effect observed in the absorption lines shows the motion of stars within the Galaxy and their relative velocities.
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The Big Bang theory - The evidence of redshift and the cosmic microwave background radiation supports the Big Bang theory as a model for the origin of the universe.
The other options, such as the composition of the universe and the temperature of the Galaxy, are not directly evidenced by the shift in the hydrogen absorption spectrum.