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Analyze the graph below and answer the question that follows.

A 5-column table with 3 rows. Column 1 has entries Literacy rate, percent of people living on less than 1 dollar a day. Column 2 is labeled Mali with entries 26 percent, 51 percent. Column 3 is labeled Zimbabwe with entries 91 percent, 56 percent. Column 4 is labeled Ghana with entries 65 percent, 30 percent. Column 5 is labeled Democratic Republic of the Congo with entries 67 percent, 59 percent.
Data courtesy of the World Health Organization and Goal USA

According to the chart above, which of the following statements best describes the relationship between income and literacy in sub-Saharan Africa?
A.
Higher literacy rates result in higher income levels.
B.
Higher income levels result in higher literacy rates.
C.
Higher literacy rates result in lower income levels.
D.
Higher literacy rates do not necessarily result in higher income levels.

Please select the best answer from the choices provided
A
B
C
D

1 answer

To analyze the given data from the table:

  • Mali:

    • Literacy rate: 26%
    • Percent living on less than $1/day: 51%

  • Zimbabwe:

    • Literacy rate: 91%
    • Percent living on less than $1/day: 56%

  • Ghana:

    • Literacy rate: 65%
    • Percent living on less than $1/day: 30%

  • Democratic Republic of the Congo:

    • Literacy rate: 67%
    • Percent living on less than $1/day: 59%

Now let's evaluate the options based on the data:

  • A. Higher literacy rates result in higher income levels.
    This is not supported by the data. For example, Zimbabwe has a high literacy rate (91%) but a high percentage of people living on less than $1/day (56%).

  • B. Higher income levels result in higher literacy rates.
    This option also does not hold true universally. Mali has the lowest literacy rate (26%) and a significant proportion of people living in poverty, while Ghana has a higher literacy rate (65%) and a lower poverty percentage (30%). However, Zimbabwe has a high literacy rate but still a considerable poverty level.

  • C. Higher literacy rates result in lower income levels.
    This is not accurate based on the evidence provided.

  • D. Higher literacy rates do not necessarily result in higher income levels.
    This statement accurately reflects the data. We see that while Zimbabwe has a very high literacy rate, a significant percentage of its population still lives in poverty, indicating that high literacy does not guarantee high income or low poverty levels.

Given the analysis, the best answer is:

D. Higher literacy rates do not necessarily result in higher income levels.