The two choices that influenced the emergence of opposing political parties are:
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Differences in opinion on how much power federal government should have - This was a fundamental divide that led to the formation of the Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties, reflecting differing views on the balance of power between the federal government and the states.
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Increase in the distribution of newspapers - As newspapers became more widespread, they facilitated the spread of different political ideas and opinions, which contributed to the formation of political factions and parties.
The other options, while relevant to the political climate of the time, were not as directly influential in the emergence of political parties.