To analyze the similar environmental and cultural impacts of the Aztec and Inca civilizations based on the provided options, we can evaluate each statement:
A. They both used dikes and grew corn.
While both civilizations engaged in significant agricultural practices, the Aztecs are particularly known for their use of chinampas (floating gardens) and dikes to manage water for crops like corn. The Inca, on the other hand, primarily adapted their agriculture to the mountainous terrain through terracing. Although they both grew corn, the specific methods of agriculture differed, making this option partially true but not entirely representative of both cultures.
B. They both worshipped the sun god and grew cocoa leaves to make chocolate.
The Aztecs worshipped a range of deities including the sun god Huitzilopochtli; they also used cacao (from which chocolate is made) as a valuable currency and drink. The Inca also worshipped Inti, the sun god, but they did not have the same cultural emphasis on cacao, particularly because cacao was not prevalent in their geographic area. Thus, while there are similarities in sun worship, the connection to cacao does not apply to both.
C. They both altered their environment for farming and introduced language.
Both civilizations significantly altered their environments for agricultural purposes—The Aztecs with chinampas and the Inca with terracing and irrigation. They also employed complex social systems, with the Inca using Quechua and the Aztecs using Nahuatl, showcasing linguistic development. This choice captures environmental adaptation and the introduction of language well.
D. They both used ashlar stone construction and built roads.
Both the Inca and the Aztecs utilized advanced construction techniques, including the use of large stone blocks, though the Inca were particularly renowned for their sophisticated road systems and stonework (like Sacsayhuamán). The Aztecs built impressive structures as well, but their focus was more on monumental architecture (like temples). While both had road systems, the Inca’s were much more extensive. Therefore, this statement is accurate but doesn't fully center on the direct environmental impact.
Conclusion:
After analyzing the options, C appears to be the best answer as it highlights the significant environmental alterations both cultures undertook for agriculture and mentions the introduction of language, which reflects broader cultural impacts.