The number of new cases of HIV infection in Africa slowly declined, though the total number of people living longer with HIV and AIDS increased slightly. Why might this situation exist?

Question

A.
The end of the civil war in Sudan improved conditions.
B.
Access to prevention and treatment became more available.
C.
The overall life expectancy has declined.
D.
A cure for AIDS was developed in late 2007.

Answer 1

The most appropriate answer is:

B. Access to prevention and treatment became more available.

This option explains why the number of new cases of HIV infection might have declined while the total number of people living with HIV and AIDS increased. Improved access to prevention measures (such as education, condom distribution, and needle exchange programs) and effective antiretroviral treatment allows more people to manage their condition and live longer, even as new infections decrease.