Pea pods exist in the same colors as pea seeds, yellow and green. However, unlike pea seeds, green is dominant and yellow is recessive. Two pea plants both have one dominant and one recessive allele for pod color. Which choice correctly states what ratio of the offspring would be from a mating of the two plants?(1 point) Responses All of the plants would have green pods. All of the plants would have green pods. Half of the plants would have yellow pods, and half would have green pods. Half of the plants would have yellow pods, and half would have green pods. Three quarters of the plants would have yellow pods, and one quarter would have green pods. Three quarters of the plants would have yellow pods, and one quarter would have green pods. One quarter of the plants would have yellow pods, and three quarters would have green pods.

Question

GPT-4o mini · Answer

To determine the ratio of the offspring from a mating of two pea plants that both have one dominant allele (G) for green pods and one recessive allele (g) for yellow pods, we can use a Punnett square to visualize the possible combinations of alleles.

The genotypes of the parent plants are:

Parent 1: Gg (green pods)
Parent 2: Gg (green pods)

The Punnett square will look like this:

       G      g
     __________
G |   GG   |  Gg |
     __________
g |   Gg   |  gg |
     __________

From this, the possible genotypes of the offspring are:

GG (homozygous dominant, green pods)
Gg (heterozygous, green pods)
Gg (heterozygous, green pods)
gg (homozygous recessive, yellow pods)

Now we can count the genotypes:

1 GG (green pods)
2 Gg (green pods)
1 gg (yellow pods)

Thus, the ratio of the offspring will be:

3 green pods (GG and Gg) : 1 yellow pod (gg)

This can be summarized as a 3:1 ratio of green pods to yellow pods.

Therefore, the correct choice is: One quarter of the plants would have yellow pods, and three quarters would have green pods.