Let \( S \) represent the number of pieces of candy Sydney has. According to the problem, Samaria has 6 more than 3 times the amount of candy Sydney has. We can express this relationship with the following equation:
\[ 3S + 6 = 36 \]
To find the number of pieces of candy Sydney has, we'll start by isolating \( S \). First, we can subtract 6 from both sides of the equation:
\[ 3S + 6 - 6 = 36 - 6 \] \[ 3S = 30 \]
Next, we divide both sides by 3:
\[ S = \frac{30}{3} \] \[ S = 10 \]
Thus, Sydney has \( \boxed{10} \) pieces of candy.
We can double-check our solution: If Sydney has 10 pieces of candy, then Samaria's amount can be calculated as:
\[ 3(10) + 6 = 30 + 6 = 36 \]
This confirms that Samaria indeed has 36 pieces of candy, verifying our answer is correct. Sydney has \( \boxed{10} \) pieces of candy.