The correct statement is:
Neutral atoms of lead must have 82 protons, but ions can have more or fewer.
Explanation: All neutral atoms of an element have the same number of protons and electrons, which is equal to the atomic number. For lead, which has an atomic number of 82, this means neutral lead atoms have 82 protons and 82 electrons. Ions, however, can have a different number of electrons (more or fewer) while still having 82 protons, which is what characterizes them as lead ions. The number of neutrons can vary depending on the isotope of lead, but the statement that correctly describes neutral atoms and ions focuses on the proton count.