Here are the answers to your questions based on the information provided:
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Effect of the Louisiana Purchase on the United States:
- Because of the purchase of the territory, Americans could now legally start settling regions in the West.
- This statement can be inferred from the excerpt as the Louisiana Purchase indeed allowed for westward expansion and settlement.
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Summary of the excerpt from John Marshall's opinion in Gibbons v. Ogden:
- The transportation and navigation of goods is part of the constitutional definition of commerce.
- This choice captures the essence of Marshall's argument that commerce includes navigation and should not be restricted by state boundaries.
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Choices that influenced the emergence of opposing political parties:
- Looming threat of war with France
- Differences in opinion on how much power federal government should have
- These options are relevant as they contributed to the divergence in political thought that formed the basis for differing parties.
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Purpose of Washington's Neutrality Proclamation:
- He wanted to make it clear that the US supported neither France nor Britain in their war.
- This was the main purpose of the Neutrality Proclamation, which aimed to maintain the United States’ position of neutrality regarding European conflicts.
Feel free to ask any additional questions!