The statement that best describes the lives of the native peoples under the encomienda system is:
They were very poor, forced to work the land or in the mines, and died from beatings, hunger, and disease.
The encomienda system was a labor system that rewarded Spanish colonists with the labor of local indigenous people. This often resulted in harsh treatment, exploitation, and severe population decline among native peoples due to mistreatment, overwork, and the impact of European diseases.