The best description of the student's claim is:
The student's claim is true for regular polygons with an even number of sides.
For regular polygons with an even number of sides, rotating 180° about the center will map each vertex onto another vertex, so the polygon is carried onto itself. However, for regular polygons with an odd number of sides, a 180° rotation will not carry the polygon onto itself, as it will not map vertices to vertices in the same way.