The requirement that is NOT essential for corals is:
2) plenty of food, such as plankton or algae.
While corals can benefit from food sources like plankton and symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae), their primary energy source comes from the photosynthesis of these algae. Thus, they do not require abundant food in the same way that some other marine organisms do. In contrast, salt, sunlight, and warmth are critical for coral growth and survival.