The correct statement about an atom is:
A: The electron has a negative charge and is found outside of the nucleus.
To clarify the other statements:
B: The neutron has no charge and is found in the nucleus. (Incorrect: Neutrons are found in the nucleus, but they have no charge, so this is partially correct but does not accurately reflect the location.)
C: The proton has no charge and is found in the nucleus. (Incorrect: Protons have a positive charge and are found in the nucleus.)
D: The neutron has a negative charge and is found in the nucleus. (Incorrect: Neutrons have no charge and are found in the nucleus.)
So, among the options listed, option A is the only accurate statement.