Question
Read the excerpt from the US Supreme court case Plessy v. Ferguson (1896).
The statute of Louisiana, acts of 1890, c. 111, requiring railway companies carrying passengers in their coaches in that State, to provide equal, but separate, accommodations for the white and colored races, by providing two or more passenger coaches for each passenger train, or by dividing the passenger coaches by a partition so as to secure separate accommodations; and providing that no person shall be permitted to occupy seats in coaches other than the ones assigned to them, on account of the race they belong to; and requiring the officer of the passenger train to assign each passenger to the coach or compartment assigned for the race to which he or she belong; and imposing fines or imprisonment upon passengers insisting on going into a coach or compartment other than the one set aide for the race to which he or she belongs; and conferring upon officers of the train power to refuse to carry on the train passengers refusing to occupy the coach or compartment assigned to them, and exempting the railway company from liability for such refusal, are not in conflict with the provisions either of the Thirteenth Amendment or of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States.
Which best explains why the Supreme Court’s decision in Plessy v. Ferguson was unconstitutional?
The Supreme Court’s ruling allowed states to deny equal protection to any person within its jurisdiction.
Since the 14th Amendment did not make concessions for people born outside the US, the Supreme Court’s decision could not be applied.
The Supreme Court’s decision gave individual states the freedom to make their own laws in relation to the treatment of people of color.
Since segregation laws did not provide equal protections or liberties to people of color, the ruling was not consistent with the 14th Amendment.
The statute of Louisiana, acts of 1890, c. 111, requiring railway companies carrying passengers in their coaches in that State, to provide equal, but separate, accommodations for the white and colored races, by providing two or more passenger coaches for each passenger train, or by dividing the passenger coaches by a partition so as to secure separate accommodations; and providing that no person shall be permitted to occupy seats in coaches other than the ones assigned to them, on account of the race they belong to; and requiring the officer of the passenger train to assign each passenger to the coach or compartment assigned for the race to which he or she belong; and imposing fines or imprisonment upon passengers insisting on going into a coach or compartment other than the one set aide for the race to which he or she belongs; and conferring upon officers of the train power to refuse to carry on the train passengers refusing to occupy the coach or compartment assigned to them, and exempting the railway company from liability for such refusal, are not in conflict with the provisions either of the Thirteenth Amendment or of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States.
Which best explains why the Supreme Court’s decision in Plessy v. Ferguson was unconstitutional?
The Supreme Court’s ruling allowed states to deny equal protection to any person within its jurisdiction.
Since the 14th Amendment did not make concessions for people born outside the US, the Supreme Court’s decision could not be applied.
The Supreme Court’s decision gave individual states the freedom to make their own laws in relation to the treatment of people of color.
Since segregation laws did not provide equal protections or liberties to people of color, the ruling was not consistent with the 14th Amendment.
Answers
Answer
Read the following excerpt taken from the US Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson (1896).
The case coming on for a hearing before the Supreme Court, that court was of opinion that the law under which the prosecution had was constitutional, and denied the relief prayed for by the petitioner. Ex parte Plessy, 45 La.Ann. 80. Whereupon petitioner prayed for a writ of error from this court, which was allowed by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Louisiana.
MR. JUSTICE BROWN, after stating the case, delivered the opinion of the court.
This case turns upon the constitutionality of an act of the General Assembly of the State of Louisiana, passed in 1890, providing for separate railway carriages for the white and colored races. Acts 1890, No. 111, p. 152.
The first section of the statute enacts
"that all railway companies carrying passengers in their coaches in this State shall provide equal but separate accommodations for the white and colored races by providing two or more passenger coaches for each passenger train, or by dividing the passenger coaches by a partition so as to secure separate accommodations: Provided, That this section shall not be construed to apply to street railroads. No person or persons, shall be admitted to occupy seats in coaches other than the ones assigned to them on account of the race they belong to."
The Supreme Court’s ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson was problematic because
the court was not able to overturn the Louisiana state law that required passengers be separated by race.
the court did not have any Black justices among its members.
it was unclear if Plessy (who was of mixed race) broke the law by sitting in the whites-only coach.
it was based on the belief that segregation was permissible as long as the facilities were equal.
The case coming on for a hearing before the Supreme Court, that court was of opinion that the law under which the prosecution had was constitutional, and denied the relief prayed for by the petitioner. Ex parte Plessy, 45 La.Ann. 80. Whereupon petitioner prayed for a writ of error from this court, which was allowed by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Louisiana.
MR. JUSTICE BROWN, after stating the case, delivered the opinion of the court.
This case turns upon the constitutionality of an act of the General Assembly of the State of Louisiana, passed in 1890, providing for separate railway carriages for the white and colored races. Acts 1890, No. 111, p. 152.
The first section of the statute enacts
"that all railway companies carrying passengers in their coaches in this State shall provide equal but separate accommodations for the white and colored races by providing two or more passenger coaches for each passenger train, or by dividing the passenger coaches by a partition so as to secure separate accommodations: Provided, That this section shall not be construed to apply to street railroads. No person or persons, shall be admitted to occupy seats in coaches other than the ones assigned to them on account of the race they belong to."
The Supreme Court’s ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson was problematic because
the court was not able to overturn the Louisiana state law that required passengers be separated by race.
the court did not have any Black justices among its members.
it was unclear if Plessy (who was of mixed race) broke the law by sitting in the whites-only coach.
it was based on the belief that segregation was permissible as long as the facilities were equal.
Answer
Read the excerpt from Black Boy.
We left. I had the feeling that I had had to do with something unclean. Many times in the years after that the image of my father and the strange woman, their faces lit by the dancing flames, would surge up in my imagination so vivid and strong that I felt I could reach out and touch it; I would stare at it, feeling that it possessed some vital meaning which always eluded me.
Based on this excerpt, how did Wright feel about his final boyhood encounter with his father?
regretful of his actions
angry and bitter at the situation
as if he had unfinished business
certain that he achieved closure
We left. I had the feeling that I had had to do with something unclean. Many times in the years after that the image of my father and the strange woman, their faces lit by the dancing flames, would surge up in my imagination so vivid and strong that I felt I could reach out and touch it; I would stare at it, feeling that it possessed some vital meaning which always eluded me.
Based on this excerpt, how did Wright feel about his final boyhood encounter with his father?
regretful of his actions
angry and bitter at the situation
as if he had unfinished business
certain that he achieved closure
Answer
The speaker in "Harlem" contemplates
the outcome of people’s hatred.
the fate of aspirations that are unrealized.
the result of heavy labor in extreme conditions.
the consequences of childhood neglect.
In what way does the line “sags like a heavy load” in "Harlem" relate to the overall feeling of "The Weary Blues"?
The song lyrics in “The Weary Blues” reflect a “heavy load” for the singer.
The audience in “The Weary Blues” is deeply affected, or “loaded,” by the song.
The speaker of “The Weary Blues” is not impressed by the singer, who “sags.”
The singer in "The Weary Blues" "sags" under the pressure of performing.
Read the excerpt from Black Boy.
Finally I heard my mother’s name called; she rose and began weeping so copiously that she could not talk for a few moments; at last she managed to say that her husband had deserted her and her two children, that her children were hungry, that they stayed hungry, that she worked, that she was trying to raise them alone. Then my father was called; he came forward jauntily, smiling. He tried to kiss my mother, but she turned away from him.
Which best describes the author’s purpose in including this anecdote?
to explain the reason’s behind Wright’s father’s decisions
to clarify the nature of Wright’s relationships with his father
to explain Wright’s specific feelings toward his father
to clarify Wright’s father’s attitude, personality, and values
Read the excerpt from the Supreme Court’s ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson.
That petitioner was a citizen of the United States and a resident of the State of Louisiana, of mixed descent . . . on June 7, 1892, he engaged and paid for a first class passage on the East Louisiana Railway . . . and thereupon entered a passenger train, and took possession of a vacant seat in a coach where passengers of the white race were accommodated; that such railroad company was incorporated by the laws of Louisiana as a common carrier, and was not authorized to distinguish between citizens according to their race. But, notwithstanding this, petitioner was required by the conductor, under penalty of ejection from said train and imprisonment, to vacate said coach and occupy another seat in a coach assigned by said company for persons not of the white race.
How does this relate to the premises of Brown v. Board of Education?
The Brown case addresses whether localities have the authority to label individuals by race.
The Brown case addresses whether the laws of Southern states are racially biased.
The Brown case addresses whether penalties and punishments can legally vary by race.
The Brown case addresses whether facilities separated by race are permissible by law.
Read the excerpt from Notes of a Native Son.
That bleakly memorable morning I hated the unbelievable streets and the Negroes and whites who had, equally, made them that way. But I knew that it was folly, as my father would have said, this bitterness was folly.
Which word creates the transition between the stated problem and its emerging solution?
who
but
as
this
the outcome of people’s hatred.
the fate of aspirations that are unrealized.
the result of heavy labor in extreme conditions.
the consequences of childhood neglect.
In what way does the line “sags like a heavy load” in "Harlem" relate to the overall feeling of "The Weary Blues"?
The song lyrics in “The Weary Blues” reflect a “heavy load” for the singer.
The audience in “The Weary Blues” is deeply affected, or “loaded,” by the song.
The speaker of “The Weary Blues” is not impressed by the singer, who “sags.”
The singer in "The Weary Blues" "sags" under the pressure of performing.
Read the excerpt from Black Boy.
Finally I heard my mother’s name called; she rose and began weeping so copiously that she could not talk for a few moments; at last she managed to say that her husband had deserted her and her two children, that her children were hungry, that they stayed hungry, that she worked, that she was trying to raise them alone. Then my father was called; he came forward jauntily, smiling. He tried to kiss my mother, but she turned away from him.
Which best describes the author’s purpose in including this anecdote?
to explain the reason’s behind Wright’s father’s decisions
to clarify the nature of Wright’s relationships with his father
to explain Wright’s specific feelings toward his father
to clarify Wright’s father’s attitude, personality, and values
Read the excerpt from the Supreme Court’s ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson.
That petitioner was a citizen of the United States and a resident of the State of Louisiana, of mixed descent . . . on June 7, 1892, he engaged and paid for a first class passage on the East Louisiana Railway . . . and thereupon entered a passenger train, and took possession of a vacant seat in a coach where passengers of the white race were accommodated; that such railroad company was incorporated by the laws of Louisiana as a common carrier, and was not authorized to distinguish between citizens according to their race. But, notwithstanding this, petitioner was required by the conductor, under penalty of ejection from said train and imprisonment, to vacate said coach and occupy another seat in a coach assigned by said company for persons not of the white race.
How does this relate to the premises of Brown v. Board of Education?
The Brown case addresses whether localities have the authority to label individuals by race.
The Brown case addresses whether the laws of Southern states are racially biased.
The Brown case addresses whether penalties and punishments can legally vary by race.
The Brown case addresses whether facilities separated by race are permissible by law.
Read the excerpt from Notes of a Native Son.
That bleakly memorable morning I hated the unbelievable streets and the Negroes and whites who had, equally, made them that way. But I knew that it was folly, as my father would have said, this bitterness was folly.
Which word creates the transition between the stated problem and its emerging solution?
who
but
as
this
Answer
Why did the Supreme Court decide to overturn Plessy v. Ferguson, as explained in Brown v. Board of Education?
Separate is inherently unequal.
Education is important for all people.
School policies should be uniform.
Citizenship requires voting rights.
The paragraph below is an excerpt from an article written for a school newspaper.
Texting is an increasingly popular means of communication with students at Mystic Falls High School. Students text their friends to make plans, ask questions, and share information. However, texting can also be distracting. It takes students' attention away from the primary purpose of school: learning.
What is the tone of the article?
melancholy
humorous
respectful
critical
Which movement followed the Brown v. Board of Education decision?
equality
suffrage
emancipation
desegregation
In what way are the lines of "The Weary Blues" similar to the lyrics of a blues song?
The poem uses repetition to create meaning.
The poem uses a standard rhyme scheme.
The poem does not use figurative language.
The poem does not offer insight into emotions.
Read the following excerpt from Jackie Robinson’s letter to President Eisenhower.
As the chief executive of our nation, I respectfully suggest that you unwittingly crush the spirit of freedom in Negroes by constantly urging forbearance and give hope to those pro-segregation leaders like Governor Faubus who would take from us even those freedoms we now enjoy. Your own experience with Governor Faubus is proof enough that forbearance and not eventual integration is the goal the pro-segregation leaders seek.
To which specific historic event is Jackie Robinson referring to in the letter?
President Eisenhower’s argument over civil rights with Arkansas Governor Faubus at the Summit Meeting of Negro Leaders the day before this letter was written
the riots of Harlem, which broke out in response to African Americans’ frustration at job discrimination, police brutality, poor treatment by the armed forces, and lack of access to economic opportunities
Governor Faubus’s calling of the Arkansas National Guard to prevent nine African American students from entering Little Rock Central High School, despite the US Supreme Court’s ruling against segregation
the rumored fatal shooting in August 1943 of a white soldier, which culminated in race rioting across the nation
Separate is inherently unequal.
Education is important for all people.
School policies should be uniform.
Citizenship requires voting rights.
The paragraph below is an excerpt from an article written for a school newspaper.
Texting is an increasingly popular means of communication with students at Mystic Falls High School. Students text their friends to make plans, ask questions, and share information. However, texting can also be distracting. It takes students' attention away from the primary purpose of school: learning.
What is the tone of the article?
melancholy
humorous
respectful
critical
Which movement followed the Brown v. Board of Education decision?
equality
suffrage
emancipation
desegregation
In what way are the lines of "The Weary Blues" similar to the lyrics of a blues song?
The poem uses repetition to create meaning.
The poem uses a standard rhyme scheme.
The poem does not use figurative language.
The poem does not offer insight into emotions.
Read the following excerpt from Jackie Robinson’s letter to President Eisenhower.
As the chief executive of our nation, I respectfully suggest that you unwittingly crush the spirit of freedom in Negroes by constantly urging forbearance and give hope to those pro-segregation leaders like Governor Faubus who would take from us even those freedoms we now enjoy. Your own experience with Governor Faubus is proof enough that forbearance and not eventual integration is the goal the pro-segregation leaders seek.
To which specific historic event is Jackie Robinson referring to in the letter?
President Eisenhower’s argument over civil rights with Arkansas Governor Faubus at the Summit Meeting of Negro Leaders the day before this letter was written
the riots of Harlem, which broke out in response to African Americans’ frustration at job discrimination, police brutality, poor treatment by the armed forces, and lack of access to economic opportunities
Governor Faubus’s calling of the Arkansas National Guard to prevent nine African American students from entering Little Rock Central High School, despite the US Supreme Court’s ruling against segregation
the rumored fatal shooting in August 1943 of a white soldier, which culminated in race rioting across the nation
Answer
Read the excerpt from Jackie Robinson’s letter to President Eisenhower.
As the chief executive of our nation, I respectfully suggest that you unwittingly crush the spirit of freedom in Negroes by constantly urging forbearance and give hope to those pro-segregation leaders like Governor Faubus who would take from us even those freedoms we now enjoy. Your own experience with Governor Faubus is proof enough that forbearance and not eventual integration is the goal the pro-segregation leaders seek.
Which best explains the purpose of Robinson’s letter?
to appeal to President Eisenhower for the termination of Governor Faubus from public office
to bring the problem of inequality among African American communities to President Eisenhower’s attention
to request immediate action from President Eisenhower in furthering equal rights for African Americans
to ask President Eisenhower about the eventual removal of all Jim Crow laws
What is Jackie Robinson’s proposed solution in his letter to President Eisenhower?
patience and self-respect
forgiveness of segregationists
a statement backed by action
a change to the Constitution
Which excerpt from Hurston’s “John Redding Goes to Sea” is an example of non-academic English?
"Yes, indeed!" said the father looking toward the tree designated.
Sometimes in his dreams he was a prince, riding away in a gorgeous carriage.
Perhaps ten-year-old John was puzzling to the simple folk there in the Florida woods for he was an imaginative child and fond of day-dreams.
"Aw, woman, stop dat talk 'bout conjure. Tain't so nohow. Ah doan want Jawn tuh git dat foolishness in him."
Read the excerpt from Zora Neale Hurston’s “John Redding Goes to Sea.”
"Cose you allus tries tuh know mo' than me, but Ah ain't so ign'rant. Ah knows a heap mahself. Many and many's the people been drove outa their senses by conjuration, or rid tuh deat' by witches."
Why does Zora Neale Hurston use non-academic English in this excerpt?
to emphasize the relationship between John and his parents
to provide a historical context in which the events occur
to portray the dialect of Black Americans during the period
to reflect the mixed emotions John’s mother has about her child
Which statement from “John Redding Goes to Sea” best supports the idea that the author, Zora Neale Hurston, was an independent woman who longed to escape her small hometown?
"Pa, when ah gets as big as you Ah'm goin' farther than them ships. Ah'm goin' to where the sky touches the ground."
"Well, son, when Ah wuz a boy Ah said Ah wuz goin' too, but heah Ah am. Ah hopes you have bettah luck than me."
"Well, well, doan cry. Ah thought youse uh grown up man. Men doan cry lak babies. You mustn't take it too hard 'bout yo' ships. You gotta git uster things gittin' tied up . . .”
Alfred Redding's brown face grew wistful for a moment, and the child noticing it, asked quickly: "Do weeds tangle up folks too, pa?"
As the chief executive of our nation, I respectfully suggest that you unwittingly crush the spirit of freedom in Negroes by constantly urging forbearance and give hope to those pro-segregation leaders like Governor Faubus who would take from us even those freedoms we now enjoy. Your own experience with Governor Faubus is proof enough that forbearance and not eventual integration is the goal the pro-segregation leaders seek.
Which best explains the purpose of Robinson’s letter?
to appeal to President Eisenhower for the termination of Governor Faubus from public office
to bring the problem of inequality among African American communities to President Eisenhower’s attention
to request immediate action from President Eisenhower in furthering equal rights for African Americans
to ask President Eisenhower about the eventual removal of all Jim Crow laws
What is Jackie Robinson’s proposed solution in his letter to President Eisenhower?
patience and self-respect
forgiveness of segregationists
a statement backed by action
a change to the Constitution
Which excerpt from Hurston’s “John Redding Goes to Sea” is an example of non-academic English?
"Yes, indeed!" said the father looking toward the tree designated.
Sometimes in his dreams he was a prince, riding away in a gorgeous carriage.
Perhaps ten-year-old John was puzzling to the simple folk there in the Florida woods for he was an imaginative child and fond of day-dreams.
"Aw, woman, stop dat talk 'bout conjure. Tain't so nohow. Ah doan want Jawn tuh git dat foolishness in him."
Read the excerpt from Zora Neale Hurston’s “John Redding Goes to Sea.”
"Cose you allus tries tuh know mo' than me, but Ah ain't so ign'rant. Ah knows a heap mahself. Many and many's the people been drove outa their senses by conjuration, or rid tuh deat' by witches."
Why does Zora Neale Hurston use non-academic English in this excerpt?
to emphasize the relationship between John and his parents
to provide a historical context in which the events occur
to portray the dialect of Black Americans during the period
to reflect the mixed emotions John’s mother has about her child
Which statement from “John Redding Goes to Sea” best supports the idea that the author, Zora Neale Hurston, was an independent woman who longed to escape her small hometown?
"Pa, when ah gets as big as you Ah'm goin' farther than them ships. Ah'm goin' to where the sky touches the ground."
"Well, son, when Ah wuz a boy Ah said Ah wuz goin' too, but heah Ah am. Ah hopes you have bettah luck than me."
"Well, well, doan cry. Ah thought youse uh grown up man. Men doan cry lak babies. You mustn't take it too hard 'bout yo' ships. You gotta git uster things gittin' tied up . . .”
Alfred Redding's brown face grew wistful for a moment, and the child noticing it, asked quickly: "Do weeds tangle up folks too, pa?"
Answered by
GPT-4o mini
The best explanation for why the Supreme Court’s decision in Plessy v. Ferguson was unconstitutional is: **Since segregation laws did not provide equal protections or liberties to people of color, the ruling was not consistent with the 14th Amendment.**
This perspective emphasizes that the 14th Amendment guarantees equal protection under the law, and the "separate but equal" doctrine established by the Court was fundamentally flawed because it allowed for segregation that inherently resulted in unequal treatment and accommodations for people of color.
This perspective emphasizes that the 14th Amendment guarantees equal protection under the law, and the "separate but equal" doctrine established by the Court was fundamentally flawed because it allowed for segregation that inherently resulted in unequal treatment and accommodations for people of color.
Answered by
GPT-4o mini
The Supreme Court’s ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson was problematic because **it was based on the belief that segregation was permissible as long as the facilities were equal.**
This doctrine of "separate but equal" ultimately legitimized racial segregation and allowed systemic inequality, as it failed to recognize that separate accommodations were inherently unequal, particularly in practice. This ruling laid the groundwork for further racial discrimination and was not aligned with the principles of the 14th Amendment's guarantee of equal protection under the law.
This doctrine of "separate but equal" ultimately legitimized racial segregation and allowed systemic inequality, as it failed to recognize that separate accommodations were inherently unequal, particularly in practice. This ruling laid the groundwork for further racial discrimination and was not aligned with the principles of the 14th Amendment's guarantee of equal protection under the law.
Answered by
GPT-4o mini
Based on the excerpt, Wright felt **as if he had unfinished business** regarding his final boyhood encounter with his father. The passage reflects a lingering feeling and vivid imagery that haunted him, suggesting that the experience held significant meaning for him that he couldn’t fully comprehend or resolve.
Answered by
GPT-4o mini
1. The speaker in "Harlem" contemplates **the fate of aspirations that are unrealized.**
2. The line “sags like a heavy load” in "Harlem" relates to the overall feeling of "The Weary Blues" as **The song lyrics in “The Weary Blues” reflect a “heavy load” for the singer.**
3. The author’s purpose in including the anecdote about Wright’s mother weeping and his father’s nonchalant behavior is **to clarify Wright’s father’s attitude, personality, and values.**
4. The excerpt from the Supreme Court’s ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson relates to the premises of Brown v. Board of Education in that **the Brown case addresses whether facilities separated by race are permissible by law.**
5. The word that creates the transition between the stated problem and its emerging solution is **but.**
2. The line “sags like a heavy load” in "Harlem" relates to the overall feeling of "The Weary Blues" as **The song lyrics in “The Weary Blues” reflect a “heavy load” for the singer.**
3. The author’s purpose in including the anecdote about Wright’s mother weeping and his father’s nonchalant behavior is **to clarify Wright’s father’s attitude, personality, and values.**
4. The excerpt from the Supreme Court’s ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson relates to the premises of Brown v. Board of Education in that **the Brown case addresses whether facilities separated by race are permissible by law.**
5. The word that creates the transition between the stated problem and its emerging solution is **but.**
Answered by
GPT-4o mini
1. The Supreme Court decided to overturn Plessy v. Ferguson in Brown v. Board of Education because **Separate is inherently unequal.**
2. The tone of the article about texting in school is **critical.**
3. The movement that followed the Brown v. Board of Education decision is **desegregation.**
4. The lines of "The Weary Blues" are similar to the lyrics of a blues song in that **The poem uses repetition to create meaning.**
5. Jackie Robinson is referring to the specific historic event of **Governor Faubus’s calling of the Arkansas National Guard to prevent nine African American students from entering Little Rock Central High School, despite the US Supreme Court’s ruling against segregation.**
2. The tone of the article about texting in school is **critical.**
3. The movement that followed the Brown v. Board of Education decision is **desegregation.**
4. The lines of "The Weary Blues" are similar to the lyrics of a blues song in that **The poem uses repetition to create meaning.**
5. Jackie Robinson is referring to the specific historic event of **Governor Faubus’s calling of the Arkansas National Guard to prevent nine African American students from entering Little Rock Central High School, despite the US Supreme Court’s ruling against segregation.**
Answered by
GPT-4o mini
1. The best explanation for the purpose of Robinson’s letter is **to request immediate action from President Eisenhower in furthering equal rights for African Americans.**
2. Jackie Robinson’s proposed solution in his letter to President Eisenhower is **a statement backed by action.**
3. The excerpt from Hurston’s “John Redding Goes to Sea” that is an example of non-academic English is **"Aw, woman, stop dat talk 'bout conjure. Tain't so nohow. Ah doan want Jawn tuh git dat foolishness in him."**
4. Zora Neale Hurston uses non-academic English in the excerpt to **portray the dialect of Black Americans during the period.**
5. The statement from “John Redding Goes to Sea” that best supports the idea that the author, Zora Neale Hurston, was an independent woman who longed to escape her small hometown is **"Pa, when ah gets as big as you Ah'm goin' farther than them ships. Ah'm goin' to where the sky touches the ground."**
2. Jackie Robinson’s proposed solution in his letter to President Eisenhower is **a statement backed by action.**
3. The excerpt from Hurston’s “John Redding Goes to Sea” that is an example of non-academic English is **"Aw, woman, stop dat talk 'bout conjure. Tain't so nohow. Ah doan want Jawn tuh git dat foolishness in him."**
4. Zora Neale Hurston uses non-academic English in the excerpt to **portray the dialect of Black Americans during the period.**
5. The statement from “John Redding Goes to Sea” that best supports the idea that the author, Zora Neale Hurston, was an independent woman who longed to escape her small hometown is **"Pa, when ah gets as big as you Ah'm goin' farther than them ships. Ah'm goin' to where the sky touches the ground."**
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