Name sugar present in milk.write composition, linkage and function?

Answer 1

The primary sugar present in milk is lactose.

Composition:

Lactose is a disaccharide composed of two monosaccharides:

• Glucose
• Galactose

The chemical formula for lactose is C12H22O11.

Linkage:

Lactose is formed through a β(1→4) glycosidic bond between the C-1 hydroxyl group of the galactose molecule and the C-4 hydroxyl group of the glucose molecule. This linkage is specific to lactose and is important for its function and digestion.

Function:

Lactose serves several important functions:

1. Energy Source: It provides a source of energy for infants, as it is readily metabolized into glucose and galactose, which can be utilized by the body.
2. Calcium Absorption: Lactose enhances the absorption of calcium and possibly other minerals, playing a vital role in bone health and development.
3. Prebiotic Effects: Lactose can promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, contributing to a healthy gut microbiome.

These properties make lactose a significant component of milk and an important nutritional element for mammals, especially for infants.