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#1 The eventual election of Andrew Jackson indicated which shift in U.S. politics? (1 point) Responses increased reliance on aristocratic families increased reliance on aristocratic families acceptance of the common man acceptance of the common man increased rights for Native Americans increased rights for Native Americans acceptance of British influence acceptance of British influence Question 2 #2 Increased suffrage and the development of new political parties in the early 1800s indicate which of the following? (1 point) Responses expansion of democracy expansion of democracy restriction of democracy restriction of democracy increase in the power of individual states increase in the power of individual states decrease in the power of individual states decrease in the power of individual states Question 3 #3 In the text, you read this about the Bank of the United States: The Bank of the United States had been a subject of dispute since its early days. The Bank had great power over the nation’s banking system because it controlled loans made by state banks. When the Bank’s directors thought that state banks were making too many loans, they limited the amount these banks could lend. The cutbacks angered farmers and merchants who borrowed money to buy land or finance new businesses. Use the passage to answer the question. Which of these groups were most likely to be concerned about the Bank of the United States? (1 point) Responses ordinary laborers ordinary laborers international businessmen international businessmen people in favor of states’ rights people in favor of states’ rights those in favor of a strong central government those in favor of a strong central government Question 4 #4 "The faith and justice of our nation were at hazard [in danger]. That faith and justice were pledged for the protection of the Cherokees in their rights; but that pledge was apparently about to be forfeited [given up], that faith to be broken, and an act of flagrant [open] robbery to be committed upon a defenceless people, with the sanction [approval] of our national authorities. . . . We hoped that a decision of the Supreme Court might be the occasion of arresting [stopping] the hand of oppression." —Samuel A. Worcester and Elizur Butler, Letter upon their release from prison, 1833 Use the passage to answer the question. How would Samuel A. Worcester most likely view the end result of the legal battle between Georgia and the Cherokee people? (1 point) Responses He would be happy because he wanted the Cherokee to be moved to the west. He would be happy because he wanted the Cherokee to be moved to the west. He would be surprised because he expected the Supreme Court to rule in his favor. He would be surprised because he expected the Supreme Court to rule in his favor. He would be disappointed because he argued for the Cherokees' right to their land. He would be disappointed because he argued for the Cherokees' right to their land. He would be surprised because he expected Georgians to change their minds about Indian Removal. He would be surprised because he expected Georgians to change their minds about Indian Removal. Question 5 #5 What impact did Robert Fulton have on farmers? (1 point) Responses His development of a canal system helped irrigate dry farmland. His development of a canal system helped irrigate dry farmland. His development of better roadways connected farmers to the east coast. His development of better roadways connected farmers to the east coast. His invention of the steamboat allowed for cheap transportation of crops. His invention of the steamboat allowed for cheap transportation of crops. His invention of the steam engine led to a growth in the meat packing industry. His invention of the steam engine led to a growth in the meat packing industry. Question 6 #6 Which statement correctly contrasts the Lancaster Turnpike with the National Road? (1 point) Responses The Lancaster Turnpike was a longer road. The Lancaster Turnpike was a longer road. The National Road required users to pay a toll to use it. The National Road required users to pay a toll to use it. The National Road was a "corduroy road." The National Road was a "corduroy road." The Lancaster Turnpike was limited to travel in one state.

3 answers

Here are the answers to your questions based on the context provided:

#1 The eventual election of Andrew Jackson indicated which shift in U.S. politics? Acceptance of the common man

#2 Increased suffrage and the development of new political parties in the early 1800s indicate which of the following? Expansion of democracy

#3 Which of these groups were most likely to be concerned about the Bank of the United States? Ordinary laborers (farmers and merchants, as mentioned, would be included in this group)

#4 How would Samuel A. Worcester most likely view the end result of the legal battle between Georgia and the Cherokee people? He would be disappointed because he argued for the Cherokees' right to their land.

#5 What impact did Robert Fulton have on farmers? His invention of the steamboat allowed for cheap transportation of crops.

#6 Which statement correctly contrasts the Lancaster Turnpike with the National Road? The Lancaster Turnpike was limited to travel in one state.

Feel free to ask if you have any more questions or need further clarification!

#7 ESSAY QUESTION Students must answer all four parts to receive full credit. 1. Explain Supreme Court case Worcester v. Georgia, what was the case about? 2. What was the outcome of their decision? 3. How did Jackson respond to the decision? 4. What was the effect on the Native Americans?

Essay Question Response

1. Explanation of the Supreme Court Case Worcester v. Georgia

The Supreme Court case Worcester v. Georgia (1832) centered on the rights of the Cherokee Nation and their sovereignty in relation to the state of Georgia. The case arose when Samuel Worcester, a missionary, and other non-Native Americans were arrested for residing in Cherokee territory without a state license, which Georgia law required. Worcester and his colleagues argued that the state laws could not be enforced in the Cherokee Nation since they were a distinct political community with their own laws and governance. The case fundamentally questioned the extent of state authority over Native American lands and the validity of treaties made between the federal government and Native tribes.

2. Outcome of the Decision

The Supreme Court, led by Chief Justice John Marshall, ruled in favor of Worcester and the Cherokee Nation, stating that Georgia's laws had no bearing over Cherokee territory. The Court declared that the federal government had exclusive authority in dealing with Native American nations and that Georgia's actions violated the treaties established with the Cherokee. The decision was monumental in affirming the sovereignty of Native American tribes and reinforcing the principle that the federal government was the sole authority in dealings with Native nations.

3. Jackson's Response to the Decision

President Andrew Jackson's response to the Supreme Court's decision was notably dismissive. Reportedly, he responded to the ruling by defying the Court, famously suggesting, "John Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it." Jackson had a strong agenda for Indian removal to facilitate westward expansion, and he was not inclined to uphold the Court’s decision. His administration continued to favor policies that led to the displacement of Native American tribes, effectively ignoring the ruling of the Supreme Court.

4. Effect on the Native Americans

The effects of this case on Native Americans were devastating. Despite the Supreme Court's ruling in favor of the Cherokee, the federal and state governments, under Jackson's leadership, continued the policy of Indian removal. This led to the forced relocation of thousands of Cherokee people from their ancestral lands to designated "Indian Territory" west of the Mississippi River, a journey known as the Trail of Tears. Many Native Americans suffered greatly during this forced relocation, facing harsh conditions, disease, and a significant loss of life. The ruling itself, while a step toward recognizing Native American sovereignty, ultimately had little practical impact due to the government’s failure to enforce it, highlighting the challenges faced by Native nations in asserting their rights against state and federal encroachments.

Conclusion

Worcester v. Georgia was a landmark case that underscored the complexities of Native American sovereignty in the face of state and federal policy. Its outcomes demonstrated the limitations placed on legal victories in the context of governmental power and the dire ramifications for Native peoples in the early 19th century. The legacy of this case continues to resonate in discussions about Native American rights and sovereignty today.