Name sugar present in milk.write it's composition linkage and function?

Answer 1

The primary sugar present in milk is lactose.

Composition of Lactose:

Lactose is a disaccharide composed of two monosaccharides:

1. Glucose
2. Galactose

Linkage:

Lactose is formed by a glycosidic bond between the anomeric carbon (C1) of galactose and the C4 of glucose. The bond formed is a β(1→4) glycosidic linkage.

Function of Lactose:

1. Energy Source: Lactose serves as an important energy source, especially for infants and young mammals, as it provides glucose and galactose upon digestion.

2. Calcium Absorption: Lactose enhances the absorption of calcium and other minerals, which is vital for bone development.

3. Prebiotic Effects: In some cases, lactose can have prebiotic effects, supporting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria.

4. Flavor Development: During the fermentation process in dairy products, lactose is broken down into lactic acid, contributing to the flavor, texture, and preservation of various dairy products.

5. Improving Digestive Health: In some contexts, lactose can promote healthy gut flora, which aids in digestion.

Overall, lactose plays a critical role in nutrition, especially in the early stages of life.