William the Conqueror's Norman background had a profound impact on his rule as king of England, with several significant influences:
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French Influences in Culture: After the Norman Conquest in 1066, William and his followers brought a strong French influence into English culture. The Norman aristocracy spoke French, which greatly transformed the English language, leading to the adoption of a large number of French words and phrases. This also affected literature, art, and architecture, as seen in the construction of Romanesque churches and cathedrals.
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Focus on Normandy: While William did not neglect England, his deep ties to Normandy influenced his governance. He often returned to Normandy and had to balance his interests on both sides of the English Channel. His reign involved managing the connection between his two realms, which sometimes led to perceived favoritism or a lack of attention to English affairs compared to his priorities in Normandy.
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Legal Practices: William introduced elements of French feudal law into England. The Normans had a different approach to land tenure and governance. This included the establishment of the feudal system, which significantly altered land ownership and social hierarchy in England. The introduction of the Domesday Book, a detailed survey of land and resources, reflected Norman administrative practices.
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Loyalty to the Norman Church: William's loyalty to the Norman church often translated into the promotion of Norman clergy and the establishment of Norman ecclesiastical practices in England. He appointed Norman bishops and abbots, which sometimes led to tensions with the existing Anglo-Saxon church structures and practices. This loyalty also influenced church policies and the integration of Norman ecclesiastical authority within England.
In summary, William the Conqueror's Norman background deeply influenced his rule in various aspects, from culture and law to religious authority, laying the foundation for the transformation of England after the conquest.
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