In this excerpt from The Odyssey, the importance of hospitality, or xenia, in Greek society is evident through the contrasting behaviors of the characters. The scene illustrates the expectation of generosity towards strangers and the obligation to provide for those in need, which is a central theme in the text.
The line "Here is a poor man come, a wanderer, driven by want to beg his bread, and everyone in hall gave bits, to cram his bag—" shows the general practice of hospitality among the guests in the hall, as they contribute to helping the poor man. This reflects the cultural norm that guests should be received with kindness and support.
However, the unacceptable action of Antinous, who "threw a stool, and banged his shoulder," highlights a failure of this societal norm, representing a violation of the sacred bond of hospitality. It contrasts the expectation of generosity with hostility.
The discourse around the "cruel belly" emphasizes the universal human experience of hunger and need, underscoring the moral obligation to offer aid to those less fortunate. Thus, this excerpt encapsulates the critical role that hospitality played in Greek society, as well as the consequences of failing to adhere to these customs.
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