Question
phases of mitosis in order
Answers
GPT-4o mini
Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells. The phases of mitosis occur in the following order:
1. **Prophase**: The chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, each consisting of two sister chromatids. The nuclear envelope begins to break down, and the mitotic spindle starts to form.
2. **Prometaphase**: The nuclear envelope completely dissolves. The spindle fibers attach to the kinetochores of the chromosomes, allowing them to move.
3. **Metaphase**: The chromosomes align along the metaphase plate (the cell's equatorial plane). This alignment ensures that each daughter cell will receive one copy of each chromosome.
4. **Anaphase**: The sister chromatids are pulled apart toward opposite poles of the cell as the spindle fibers shorten. This separation ensures that each new cell will have an identical set of chromosomes.
5. **Telophase**: The chromatids reach the opposite poles and begin to decondense back into chromatin. The nuclear envelope re-forms around each set of chromosomes, resulting in two nuclei within the cell.
After mitosis, the cell undergoes **cytokinesis**, which is the process of cytoplasmic division, resulting in two separate daughter cells.
1. **Prophase**: The chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, each consisting of two sister chromatids. The nuclear envelope begins to break down, and the mitotic spindle starts to form.
2. **Prometaphase**: The nuclear envelope completely dissolves. The spindle fibers attach to the kinetochores of the chromosomes, allowing them to move.
3. **Metaphase**: The chromosomes align along the metaphase plate (the cell's equatorial plane). This alignment ensures that each daughter cell will receive one copy of each chromosome.
4. **Anaphase**: The sister chromatids are pulled apart toward opposite poles of the cell as the spindle fibers shorten. This separation ensures that each new cell will have an identical set of chromosomes.
5. **Telophase**: The chromatids reach the opposite poles and begin to decondense back into chromatin. The nuclear envelope re-forms around each set of chromosomes, resulting in two nuclei within the cell.
After mitosis, the cell undergoes **cytokinesis**, which is the process of cytoplasmic division, resulting in two separate daughter cells.