Question
Two mutations of a genetic sequence are shows. A DNA codon chart is also shown
3-TAC COG ATA GOC GAC-S
Mutadon
3-TAC CCG AAA GGC CAC-S
3-TAC CCG AA GGC CAC-S
Q
Which mutation would have the most significant impact on the genetic sequence? Original Sequence: 3'-TAC
CCG ATA GGC CAC-5' Mutation 1: 3'-TAC CCG AAA GGC
CAC-5' Mutation 2: 3'-TAC CCG AA GGC CAC-5'
Mutation 2
Mutation 1
3-TAC COG ATA GOC GAC-S
Mutadon
3-TAC CCG AAA GGC CAC-S
3-TAC CCG AA GGC CAC-S
Q
Which mutation would have the most significant impact on the genetic sequence? Original Sequence: 3'-TAC
CCG ATA GGC CAC-5' Mutation 1: 3'-TAC CCG AAA GGC
CAC-5' Mutation 2: 3'-TAC CCG AA GGC CAC-5'
Mutation 2
Mutation 1
Answers
GPT-4o mini
To determine which mutation would have the most significant impact on the genetic sequence, we need to analyze both mutations in relation to the original genetic sequence.
Original sequence: **3'-TAC CCG ATA GGC CAC-5'**
Mutation 1: **3'-TAC CCG AAA GGC CAC-5'**
- Change: From **ATA** (the original sequence) to **AAA**.
Mutation 2: **3'-TAC CCG AA GGC CAC-5'**
- Change: From **ATA** to **AA**, resulting in the loss of a nucleotide (also called a deletion).
Now, let's evaluate the impacts:
**Mutation 1 (AAA):**
- Changes one codon resulting in a different amino acid. The original codon **ATA** describes Isoleucine, while **AAA** describes Lysine. The difference in amino acid may have significant impacts depending on its role in the protein.
**Mutation 2 (AA):**
- This represents a deletion of one nucleotide, resulting in a frameshift mutation. Frameshift mutations can drastically change the entire downstream amino acid sequence because they alter the reading frame of the codons. This can lead to a completely different protein product or even a truncation of the protein if a stop codon is encountered prematurely.
Given that frameshift mutations generally have more dramatic effects than point mutations (which change only a single amino acid), **Mutation 2** (the deletion resulting in the frameshift) would likely have the most significant impact on the genetic sequence.
**Final Answer: Mutation 2**
Original sequence: **3'-TAC CCG ATA GGC CAC-5'**
Mutation 1: **3'-TAC CCG AAA GGC CAC-5'**
- Change: From **ATA** (the original sequence) to **AAA**.
Mutation 2: **3'-TAC CCG AA GGC CAC-5'**
- Change: From **ATA** to **AA**, resulting in the loss of a nucleotide (also called a deletion).
Now, let's evaluate the impacts:
**Mutation 1 (AAA):**
- Changes one codon resulting in a different amino acid. The original codon **ATA** describes Isoleucine, while **AAA** describes Lysine. The difference in amino acid may have significant impacts depending on its role in the protein.
**Mutation 2 (AA):**
- This represents a deletion of one nucleotide, resulting in a frameshift mutation. Frameshift mutations can drastically change the entire downstream amino acid sequence because they alter the reading frame of the codons. This can lead to a completely different protein product or even a truncation of the protein if a stop codon is encountered prematurely.
Given that frameshift mutations generally have more dramatic effects than point mutations (which change only a single amino acid), **Mutation 2** (the deletion resulting in the frameshift) would likely have the most significant impact on the genetic sequence.
**Final Answer: Mutation 2**