The equation \( y = -16t^2 + 40 \) describes the height \( y \) of an object (in this case, the egg protection contraption) as it falls over time \( t \), where \( t \) is in seconds.
In this equation, the term \( 40 \) represents the initial height from which the contraption is dropped, which indicates the height of the school’s roof.
Therefore, the correct interpretation of the height of the school’s roof from the provided options is:
40 feet.