Causes of Constitutional Monarchy in England:
- Demand for limited royal power.
- Influence of Enlightenment ideas.
- Conflicts between monarchy and Parliament.
Effects of Constitutional Monarchy in England:
- Established parliamentary democracy.
- Increased rights for citizens.
- Reduced absolute power of the king.
Causes of Absolute Monarchy in Russia:
- Desire for centralized control.
- Need to modernize and strengthen the state.
- Influence of autocratic rulers.
Effects of Absolute Monarchy in Russia:
- Strengthened state authority.
- Limited individual freedoms.
- Resistance and revolts by the populace.