While I don't have access to your specific text, I can provide you with common recommended procedures for conducting lineups based on best practices in the field of law enforcement and eyewitness identification. Here are five procedures that are typically recommended:
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Use of Double-Blind Administration: The lineup should be administered by an officer who is not involved in the case and is unaware of which person is the suspect. This helps prevent any unintentional cues or influences from the administrator that could affect the witness's identification.
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Clear Instructions to Witnesses: Before the lineup, witnesses should be given clear, neutral instructions explaining that the perpetrator may or may not be present in the lineup. They should be informed not to feel pressured to make an identification, and their confidence level in their choice should be documented.
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Sequential Presentation: Instead of presenting all lineup members at once (a simultaneous lineup), the use of a sequential lineup presents the individuals one at a time. This can reduce the likelihood of relative judgment, where a witness compares lineup members to each other rather than to their memory of the perpetrator.
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Documentation of Identifications: It's essential to document the process carefully, including the witness's statements about their confidence in their identification and any specific details they provide. Recording the identification process, whether through video or notes, helps ensure transparency and can be important for legal proceedings.
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Use of Non-Suspect Foils: The individuals included in the lineup (foils) should closely resemble the suspect in terms of physical characteristics (e.g., age, race, height, and build) to avoid making the suspect stand out. This reduces the chances of an honest mistake based on looks alone, as witnesses should have difficulty identifying the suspect from the foils.
Implementing these procedures can enhance the reliability of eyewitness identifications and contribute to a fairer legal process.