To translate the function \( f(x) = x^2 \) 4 units to the left, we need to replace \( x \) with \( x + 4 \).
Thus, the function \( g(x) \) can be expressed as:
\[ g(x) = (x + 4)^2 \]
To write this in the form \( a(x - h)^2 + k \), we need to rearrange \( g(x) \):
\[ g(x) = 1(x - (-4))^2 + 0 \]
So in the form \( a(x - h)^2 + k \), we have:
\[ g(x) = 1(x + 4)^2 + 0 \]
Collectively, the final answer is:
\[ g(x) = 1(x + 4)^2 + 0 \]