To estimate the federal debt of country C, which is $278,560,125,000, we can express this in scientific notation.
First, we can round the number to a single significant digit. The number is approximately 2.7856 x 10^11.
However, if we round it to one significant digit, it becomes 3 x 10^11.
So the closest estimation of this amount in the form of a single digit times an integer to the power of 10 is:
B. 3 x 10^11.