To clarify the concepts of push and pull factors in relation to immigration and emigration:
- Push Factors: These are negative aspects or conditions that drive people away from their current location (e.g., war, famine, lack of jobs).
- Pull Factors: These are positive aspects or opportunities that attract people to a new location (e.g., job opportunities, better living conditions, family ties).
Based on this understanding, the correct pairing would be:
- 1. Push factors create emigration. (Correct): People leave their home country due to unfavorable conditions.
- 2. Pull factors create immigration. (Correct): People move to a new country for better opportunities.
- 3. Push factors create emigration. (Correct): Reiterating the first option.
- 4. Push and pull factors create emigration. (Incorrect): While push factors specifically drive people away, pull factors attract people to a new place.
Thus, the correct pairings that align with the definitions are primarily options 1 and 2, with 3 being a repetition of 1. Option 4 is not accurate.