The details from the text that support the claim that this passage is an allegory for the Great Purge are:
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the false confessions extracted from the four pigs - This reflects the practice during the Great Purge, where individuals were often coerced into admitting to crimes they did not commit, aligning with the show trials of the time.
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the slaughter of the pigs by the dogs at Napoleon's order - This symbolizes the violent purging of perceived enemies within the Communist Party during the Great Purge, as well as the authoritarian control exerted by leaders like Stalin.