What can help a reader

To determine how an author feels about a subject, the following elements can be particularly helpful:

1. Connotations: The emotional associations or implications of certain words can reveal the author's attitude. For example, the choice of a word with positive connotations can suggest approval, while a word with negative connotations can imply disapproval.

2. Signal Words: Words or phrases that indicate the author's stance or intention can help readers interpret feelings. For example, words like "however," "but," "although," or "therefore" signal contrast or agreement and can provide insights into the author's opinion.

3. Compare and Contrast: Analyzing how the author compares different ideas or subjects can show their preferences or biases, revealing their feelings about the topic.

4. Structure: The organization of the text can influence how an author presents their viewpoints. A structure that emphasizes certain arguments or points can reflect the importance the author places on those ideas.

5. Cause and Effect: Understanding how the author links causes and effects can provide clues about their perspective. If an author attributes negative outcomes to certain actions or ideas, it could indicate a negative view.

Among these options, connotations and signal words are often the most direct ways to gauge an author's feelings about a subject.