Based on the characteristics provided, here’s how each nation aligns:
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Women can vote:
- United States: Yes, women can vote.
- Roman Republic: No, women did not have the right to vote.
- Both: Not applicable, as only the United States qualifies.
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Representative democracy:
- United States: Yes, it is a representative democracy.
- Roman Republic: Yes, it had elements of a representative democracy, though it was quite different from modern representative democracies.
- Both: Yes, both have elements of representative democracy.
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Government structured by a constitution:
- United States: Yes, it has a constitution.
- Roman Republic: No formal constitution in the modern sense, but it had laws and traditions that governed it.
- Both: Not applicable, as only the United States qualifies.
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Part of government like an oligarchy:
- United States: While it is primarily a democracy, some critics argue that it has oligarchic elements due to the influence of money in politics.
- Roman Republic: Yes, many aspects of the Roman Republic were oligarchic, particularly among the Senate.
- Both: Yes, both had elements that could be described as oligarchic.
Summary:
- Women can vote: United States
- Representative democracy: Both
- Government structured by a constitution: United States
- Part of government like an oligarchy: Both
So, the two nations primarily represented by the characteristics are the United States and the Roman Republic, with distinctions on certain points.