Question 1

Question

Dr Injectus treats an animal cell with a chemical that destroys the cell's mitochondria. As a result of his action, which of the cell's processes will most likely be stopped?

a
aerobic respiration
b
osmosis
c
enzyme production
d
photosynthesis
Question 2
A cell in the leaf of a green plant performs both photosynthesis and cellular respiration, often at the same time. Which statement best describes how these processes are related to each other?

a
Both processes require energy directly from the Sun.
b
Products of one process are used as some of the reactants for the other process.
c
Both processes produce carbon dioxide.
d
Thermal energy from one process is used as the primary energy source for the other process.
Question 3
The main source of ATP in an organism comes from

a
the mitochondria.
b
the vesicles.
c
the ribosomes.
d
the nucleus.
Question 4
What is the role of ATP in the cell?

a
to signal cell death
b
to make all energy disappear
c
to capture energy from sunlight
d
to store energy in the cell
Question 5
What happens when ATP is converted to ADP?

a
Energy remains in the same.
b
The cell dies.
c
Energy is stored in bonds.
d
Energy is released from bonds.
Question 6
In photosynthesis, the cycle of reactions that uses carbon dioxide to synthesize glucose is known as the ___.

a
light dependent cycle
b
light independent cycle
c
unicycle
d
Kreb's cycle
Question 7
Ten of Our Favourite Science Memes

A scientist designed an experiment to examine the effects of exercise on respiration. He collected the volume of the gases produced by a group of people as they were running, walking, and at rest for 5 minute time periods. Which question can the scientist answer with his experiment?



a
Does decreased activity require a higher amount of oxygen than increased activity?
b
Does increased activity lead to a higher volume of carbon dioxide produced?
c
Does the amount of oxygen produced during physical activity depend on time?
d
Does the amount of time spent being active affect the volume of carbon dioxide breathed in?
Question 8
During cellular respiration, cells break down sugars to release energy. In this process, water and carbon dioxide are produced as waste products.

cell_respiration_photosynthesis_631260a447ca2.png

What must happen to these waste products for a cell to maintain homeostasis?

a
They must be digested and used as food.
b
They must be excreted from the cell.
c
They must be permanently stored inside the cell.
d
They must be used for photosynthesis.
Question 9
Both the wine industry and the bread industry use the process of alcoholic fermentation. In what way does their use of alcoholic fermentation differ?

a
The wine industry uses the alcohol to make the wine; the bread industry uses the carbon dioxide to make the bread dough rise.
b
The wine industry uses the carbon dioxide to make the wine; the bread industry uses the alcohol to make the bread dough rise.
c
The wine and bread industry uses the alcohol; but the carbon dioxide is a waste product only found in lactic acid fermentation.
d
They do not differ- both products are used equally by these two industries.
Question 10
When an individual exercises vigorously for more than 15 minutes, the muscle cells are unable to obtain oxygen from the blood quickly enough. As a result, the muscle cells

a
start anaerobic respiration, producing lactic acid buildup.
b
stop functioning properly, resulting in death.
c
send signals to the brain telling it to shut the muscles down.
d
pull oxygen through the skin in order to continue working.
Question 11
Why is anaerobic respiration considered less efficient than aerobic respiration?

a
Less lactic acid is formed during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.
b
More ATP molecules are gained in aerobic respiration than in anaerobic respiration.
c
More oxygen is required for anaerobic respiration than for aerobic respiration.
d
Less energy is required during anaerobic respiration than aerobic respiration.
Question 12
When an individual exercises vigorously for more than 15 minutes, the muscle cells are unable to obtain oxygen from the blood quickly enough. As a result, the muscle cells

a
send signals to the brain telling it to shut the muscles down.
b
stop functioning properly, resulting in cramps.
c
start anaerobic respiration, producing lactic acid buildup.
d
pull oxygen through the skin in order to continue working.
Question 13
What happens when ATP is converted to ADP?

a
Energy is stored in bonds.
b
Energy is released from bonds.
c
Energy remains in the same.
d
The cell dies.
Question 14
Photosynthesis uses water and carbon dioxide to convert sunlight energy into

a
oxygen
b
high energy sugars and starches
c
ATP and oxygen
d
oxygen and glucose (chemical energy)
Question 15


According to the graph above, which letter shows the greatest rate of photosynthesis as a function of light intensity?


a
A
b
B
c
C
d
Light intensity is NOT a factor in the rate of photosynthesis.
Question 16
Leaves of green plants contain openings known as stomata. These are opened and closed by specialized cells that allow gases to be exchanged between the leaf and the outside environment. Which of the following best describes the flow of gases into and out of a leaf through stomata on a sunny day?

a
Water vapor and ozone move in; carbon dioxide moves out.
b
Oxygen moves in; nitrogen moves out.
c
Carbon dioxide moves in; oxygen moves out.
d
Carbon dioxide and oxygen move in; ozone moves out.
Question 17
Which equation best summarizes the overall reactions of photosynthesis?

a
6CO2 + 6O2 → C6H1206 + 6H2O
b
6O2 + 6H2O + 6O2 → C6H1206
c
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H1206 + 6O2
d
6O2 + C6H1206 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
Question 18
The process by which plants and other photoautotrophs capture energy from the sun and uses it to make food for themselves is called _____.

a
lactic acid fermentation
b
photosynthesis
c
alcoholic fermentation
d
cellular respiration
Question 19
Review the diagram.

Select the correct response regarding the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

a
the reactants and products of photosynthesis has no relationship with the reactants and products of cellular respiration.
b
the products of cellular respiration are the reactants of photosynthesis.
c
the reactants of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration.
d
the products of cellular respiration are the products of photosynthesis.
Question 20
Correctly identify the following labels on the plant and animal cells.

Column A
1.
a:
a
2.
b:
b
3.
c:
c
4.
d:
d
5.
e:
e
6.
f:
f
7.
g:
g
8.
h:
h
9.
i (present in both cells- labeled in one):
i (present in both cells- labeled in one)
Column B
a.centriole
b.cell wall
c.mitochondria
d.chloroplasts
e.vacuole
f.cytoplasm
g.endoplasmic reticulum
h.cell membrane
i.nucleus
Question 21
An enzyme is a special kind of catalyst. How does it work?

a
It breaks down and takes part in chemical reactions to form new products.
b
It speeds specific chemical reactions.
c
It triggers chemical reactions at any pH or temperature.
d
It slows down specific chemical reactions.
Question 22
The image represents a human cell in an isotonic solution. Some common cellular molecules that can freely move across the plasma membrane are shown5

What do you think will happen if no energy is used?

a
Some CO2 will leave the cell.
b
Some H2O will enter the cell.
c
Some H2O will leave the cell.
d
Some O2 will enter the cell.
Question 23
When the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is the SAME, the solution
a
is hypotonic.
b
is hypertonic.
c
has reached equilibrium.
d
moves from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Question 24
Viruses reproduce through the use of host cells. In this process, viruses reproduce by injecting their DNA into the host cell and using the cell's structures to create copies of itself. After numerous copies are made, the host cell bursts and the new viruses are released. Depending on the type of virus and the host cell, hundreds or thousands of viruses can be released in this burst. These viruses then go on to reproduce through new host cells. Bacteria, however, reproduce using binary fission. In this process, a bacterium splits into two identical daughter cells. In favorable conditions, bacteria can divide once every 20 minutes. This means that a single bacterium can turn into a colony of over a billion bacteria in about ten hours.

Which statement correctly compares viral and bacterial reproduction?

a
Both viruses and bacteria can create large populations in a short time period.
b
Both viruses and bacteria must have very large populations in order to reproduce.
c
Both viruses and bacteria must destroy themselves after they have reproduced.
d
Both viruses and bacteria can reproduce without the help of other organisms.
Question 25
Tommy is investigating a strain of bacteria. He observes that the bacteria is only found in environments with a pH range from 6 to 8. His lab partner prepares a growth medium for this bacteria with a pH of 5.

Which explanation best predicts what will happen to the bacteria grown in this growth medium?

a
The bacteria will grow quickly and then begin to die because they will run out of food.
b
The bacteria will grow quickly because they can change the pH level of the growth medium.
c
The bacteria will grow slowly because the growth medium will provide fewer resources.
d
The bacteria will quickly die because the growth medium is too acidic for survival.

Answer 1

Here are the correct answers for each question:

Question 1: Answer: a - aerobic respiration.
(The mitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration, so their destruction would stop this process.)

Question 2: Answer: b - Products of one process are used as some of the reactants for the other process.
(Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interconnected; the products of photosynthesis (glucose and oxygen) are used in cellular respiration, and vice versa.)

Question 3: Answer: a - the mitochondria.
(The mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, where ATP is produced.)

Question 4: Answer: d - to store energy in the cell.
(ATP serves as an energy currency in the cell.)

Question 5: Answer: d - Energy is released from bonds.
(When ATP is converted to ADP, energy is released for cellular activities.)

Question 6: Answer: b - light independent cycle.
(This refers to the Calvin cycle, which synthesizes glucose using carbon dioxide.)

Question 7: Answer: b - Does increased activity lead to a higher volume of carbon dioxide produced?
(This question directly relates to the respiration changes observed during exercise.)

Question 8: Answer: b - They must be excreted from the cell.
(Waste products like water and carbon dioxide must be removed to maintain homeostasis.)

Question 9: Answer: a - The wine industry uses the alcohol to make the wine; the bread industry uses the carbon dioxide to make the bread dough rise.
(Both industries utilize the fermentation process but for different end products.)

Question 10: Answer: a - start anaerobic respiration, producing lactic acid buildup.
(Without sufficient oxygen, cells switch to anaerobic respiration, leading to lactic acid.)

Question 11: Answer: b - More ATP molecules are gained in aerobic respiration than in anaerobic respiration.
(Aerobic respiration yields significantly more ATP compared to anaerobic pathways.)

Question 12: Answer: c - start anaerobic respiration, producing lactic acid buildup.
(This is the same scenario as presented in question 10.)

Question 13: Answer: b - Energy is released from bonds.
(Same as question 5, releasing energy is key during the conversion from ATP to ADP.)

Question 14: Answer: d - oxygen and glucose (chemical energy).
(Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose and releases oxygen.)

Question 15: (Unfortunately, without the graph, I cannot provide an answer for this question. I suggest referring to the graph for the correct response.)

Question 16: Answer: c - Carbon dioxide moves in; oxygen moves out.
(On a sunny day, plants uptake carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and release oxygen.)

Question 17: Answer: c - 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2.
(This equation represents the overall reaction of photosynthesis.)

Question 18: Answer: b - photosynthesis.
(This process captures solar energy to produce food in the form of glucose.)

Question 19: Answer: b - the products of cellular respiration are the reactants of photosynthesis.
(These processes are cyclic and interconnected.)

Question 20: (Since column B was not provided, I cannot complete the matching. You may check your labels against the known functions of cell organelles to deduce the correct answers.)

Question 21: Answer: b - It speeds specific chemical reactions.
(Enzymes act as catalysts to accelerate biochemical reactions without being consumed.)

Question 22: Answer: a - Some CO2 will leave the cell.
(In an isotonic solution, gas exchange can still occur, allowing CO2 to exit.)

Question 23: Answer: c - has reached equilibrium.
(Equilibrium occurs when concentrations of molecules on both sides are equal.)

Question 24: Answer: a - Both viruses and bacteria can create large populations in a short time period.
(Both can reproduce rapidly, though through different mechanisms.)

Question 25: Answer: d - The bacteria will quickly die because the growth medium is too acidic for survival.
(Bacteria with a preference for pH 6 to 8 would likely struggle or perish in a significantly more acidic environment.)

If you have any more questions or need further clarifications, feel free to ask!