If no candidate receives the majority of the Electoral College votes (at least 270 out of 538) in a U.S. presidential election, the election is decided by the House of Representatives. This situation is known as a contingent election.
Here's how it works:
-
House of Representatives: The House will select the President from the top three candidates who received the most Electoral College votes. Each state delegation in the House gets one vote, and a majority of state delegations (26 out of 50) is needed to win.
-
Senate Role: The Senate selects the Vice President from the top two candidates who received the most Electoral College votes. Each Senator casts one vote, and a majority of the Senate (51 out of 100) is required to win.
This process has only occurred twice in U.S. history: in 1800 and 1824. In both instances, the House of Representatives was called upon to select the President.