Let \( x \) be the number of board books Santiago buys, and \( y \) be the number of soft cover books Santiago buys.
The cost for board books is $1.50 each, so the total cost for board books is \( 1.50x \).
The cost for soft cover books is $0.50 each, so the total cost for soft cover books is \( 0.50y \).
Santiago spends a total of $20 on both types of books, which can be expressed with the following equation:
\[ 1.50x + 0.50y = 20 \]
This equation represents the relationship between the number of board books and soft cover books that Santiago buys and the total amount spent.