To arrange the events in chronological order from first to last:
- a. the Muslim empire Southwest Asia conquered much of what is now Pakistan - This event refers to the early Muslim conquests in the region.
- c. Turkic Muslim kings gained power in what is now Afghanistan - This would have occurred as a follow-up to the earlier Muslim conquests, particularly during the rise of various Turkic dynasties.
- b. the Muslim rule Delhi Sultanate was established - This occurred later when the Delhi Sultanate was founded after the conquest of northern India, which included parts of what is now Pakistan and Afghanistan.
So the correct order is: a, c, b.