Bot GPT 4-o mini To determine which ion has a stable valence electron configuration, we look for ions that achieve a noble gas configuration, which is typically stable.
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Potassium (K) with a 1+ charge: Potassium normally has 1 valence electron (in the 4s subshell). When it loses 1 electron to become K^+, it achieves a noble gas configuration of Argon (18 electrons), which is stable.
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Fluorine (F) with a 1+ charge: Fluorine has 7 valence electrons, and losing 1 electron to become F^+ would result in a configuration like that of Neon (which has 10 electrons). However, this configuration is not stable because F typically gains an electron (to form F^−) to mimic the noble gas configuration of Neon.
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Magnesium (Mg) with a 1− charge: Magnesium has 2 valence electrons. If it were to gain an electron and become Mg^−, it would not achieve a noble gas configuration (it would have 13 electrons). Therefore, this is not stable.
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Sulfur (S) with a 1− charge: Sulfur has 6 valence electrons. Gaining 1 electron to become S^− allows it to reach 8 valence electrons (like Neon), achieving a stable noble gas configuration.
Based on this analysis, both K^+ and S^− have stable valence electron configurations. However, among the options provided, the more common stable ion configurations based on gaining or losing electrons typically align with wider significance in chemistry.
The best answer here is potassium (K) with a 1+ charge because it achieves the noble gas configuration directly by losing one electron.
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