Which of the following best identifies a positive effect the crusades had on Europe and southwest Asia?

A. Europeans acquired permanent states in southwest Asia that Muslims never conquered
B. The crusaders led to deeper faith among Muslims than Christians
C. The Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church grew closer to each other
D. The conflicts created new trade opportunities across the Mediterranean world for Christian’s and muslims

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D. The conflicts created new trade opportunities across the Mediterranean world for Christians and Muslims.

The Crusades opened up new routes and opportunities for trade between Europe and the Middle East, leading to increased interaction and commerce between different cultures. This exchange of goods, ideas, and technology had a lasting impact on both regions.