The mechanical advantage (MA) of a lever can be calculated using the formula:
\[ \text{MA} = \frac{\text{length of effort arm}}{\text{length of resistance arm}} \]
In your case, the resistance arm is 3 inches and the effort arm is 15 inches.
Plugging in the values:
\[ \text{MA} = \frac{15 \text{ inches}}{3 \text{ inches}} = 5 \]
Therefore, the mechanical advantage is MA = 5.