what is the molecular structure that performs translation?

The molecular structure that performs translation is the ribosome. Ribosomes are large complexes made up of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. They serve as the site where messenger RNA (mRNA) is translated into polypeptides (proteins). The ribosome reads the codons on the mRNA and facilitates the binding of transfer RNA (tRNA), which carries specific amino acids. The ribosome catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between the amino acids, ultimately synthesizing a polypeptide chain according to the genetic instructions encoded in the mRNA.