State materials transported in mammals

In mammals, several key materials are transported throughout the body primarily via the circulatory system. These materials include:

1. Oxygen: Transported from the lungs to tissues by red blood cells through hemoglobin.

2. Carbon Dioxide: A waste product from cellular respiration, transported from tissues back to the lungs for exhalation.

3. Nutrients: Essential substances like glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, and vitamins absorbed from the digestive tract and distributed to cells.

4. Hormones: Chemical messengers secreted by glands and transported via the bloodstream to target organs and tissues to regulate various physiological processes.

5. Waste Products: Metabolic waste products, including urea and creatinine, are transported to the kidneys for excretion.

6. Electrolytes and Ions: Minerals such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride, which are essential for various bodily functions and homeostasis.

7. Immune Cells: Various types of white blood cells and antibodies that are part of the immune response, transported to sites of infection or injury.

8. Heat: Blood helps distribute heat generated by metabolic processes throughout the body to maintain a stable internal temperature.

9. Lipids: Transported in the form of lipoproteins (like chylomicrons) from the intestines to various tissues after digestion.

These materials are critical for maintaining homeostasis, supporting metabolism, and facilitating communication within the body.