Factory towns were almost always built near water sources, such as rivers or lakes. This proximity to water was essential for several reasons:
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Power Supply: Water was a crucial source of power for early factories, especially before the advent of steam and electricity. Water wheels and turbines used the energy of flowing water to drive machinery.
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Transportation: Access to water routes facilitated the transport of raw materials and finished goods. Rivers and lakes allowed for easier shipping and receiving, which was vital for the supply chain of manufacturing.
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Cooling and Processing: Water was often needed for cooling machinery and for various industrial processes, including dyeing, washing, and cooling metals.
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Access to Resources: Many water sources were located near agricultural areas or forests, providing easy access to raw materials such as timber and agricultural products, further supporting the industrial processes.
Overall, the availability of water was a central factor that influenced the location of industrial development and the growth of factory towns.