To find how many more students were enrolled at the University of Michigan in 1950 than in 1900, we need to calculate the difference between the enrollment numbers for those two years.
The approximate enrollment in 1900 was:
\[ 3.7 \cdot 10^3 \]
The approximate enrollment in 1950 was:
\[ 2.7 \cdot 10^4 \]
Next, we'll convert both numbers to the same power of ten to make the subtraction easier. We can convert \(2.7 \cdot 10^4\) to the equivalent form with a base of \(10^3\):
\[ 2.7 \cdot 10^4 = 2.7 \cdot 10^4 \cdot \frac{10^3}{10^3} = 2.7 \cdot 10^4 = 27.0 \cdot 10^3 \]
Now, we can perform the subtraction:
\[ 27.0 \cdot 10^3 - 3.7 \cdot 10^3 = (27.0 - 3.7) \cdot 10^3 = 23.3 \cdot 10^3 \]
Finally, we write \(23.3 \cdot 10^3\) in scientific notation. To be in proper scientific notation, it should be written as \(2.33 \cdot 10^4\).
Thus, the number of additional students enrolled at the University of Michigan in 1950 compared to 1900 is:
\[ \boxed{2.33 \cdot 10^4} \]