In mathematics, a function is a specific relationship between two sets of values, where each input from the first set (the domain) corresponds to exactly one output in the second set (the range). Essentially, for every input, there is only one associated output; no input can lead to multiple outputs.
Considering the provided table, it demonstrates a function because each day of the week (the input) has a distinct and unique number of children in the car (the output). There are no days where the same input corresponds to more than one output. For instance, on Monday, there are 4 children, and on Saturday, there are 0 children—in each case, each day maps to one specific number of children. Therefore, the relationship illustrated in the table satisfies the definition of a function.