Plants are green primarily because of the presence of chlorophyll, a pigment found in their chloroplasts. Chlorophyll absorbs light most efficiently in the blue and red wavelengths, but it reflects green light, which is why plants appear green to our eyes.
Herbivores eat plants because they are primary producers, meaning they can convert sunlight into energy through the process of photosynthesis. Plants provide essential nutrients, carbohydrates, and energy that herbivores need for survival. Many herbivores have evolved specialized digestive systems to break down plant material and extract the necessary nutrients.
Plants produce oxygen as a necessary gas during photosynthesis. During this process, plants take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and water from the soil, using sunlight to convert these into glucose (a source of energy) and oxygen, which is then released into the atmosphere. This oxygen is vital for the survival of most living organisms, including humans, as it is used in the process of respiration.
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