Which of the following demonstrates the central dogma of molecular biologists?(1 point) Responses Proteins replicate DNA which gives the expression of traits to an organism. Proteins replicate DNA which gives the expression of traits to an organism. Gene expression relies on environmental factors that determine which traits are dominant. Gene expression relies on environmental factors that determine which traits are dominant. DNA and RNA hold the code to create proteins that are the key to gene expression. DNA and RNA hold the code to create proteins that are the key to gene expression. DNA and RNA mutate into either harmful or helpful effects on the human body.
11 answers
The correct option that demonstrates the central dogma of molecular biology is:
DNA and RNA hold the code to create proteins that are the key to gene expression.
The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA (transcription) and from RNA to protein (translation). This process is fundamental in understanding how genetic information is expressed in living organisms.
The correct answer is:
Endoplasmic Reticulum
After the amino acid chain leaves the ribosome, it typically enters the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it is folded, modified, and transported. The rough ER, in particular, is studded with ribosomes and is involved in the synthesis and processing of proteins.
A substitution mutation occurs when one nucleotide in the DNA sequence is replaced with another.
Looking at the provided sequences:
The sequences given in the responses are:
Among these, the first sequence shows a substitution mutation where "T" is replaced with "C" at the second position (C G T C T A ...). Therefore, only the first sequence (and the second, since it is the same as the first) reflects a substitution.
So the correct response indicating a substitution mutation is:
C G T C T A C T G C A A T G C A G A T G A C G T T A (or the second identical option).
To identify which sequence shows a substitution mutation, we need to compare each of the given sequences to the original sequence:
Original Sequence: C G T T A C T G C A A T G C A A T G A C G T T A
Now let's look at each option:
CGTCTACTGCAAT GCAGATGACGTTA
CGTTACTGCAAT GCAATGACGTTA
CGTGACTGCAAT GCACTGACGTTA
CGTACTGCAAT GCATGACGTTA
The sequences that show a substitution mutation are sequences 3 and 4. However, sequence 1 has multiple substitutions.
Thus, the sequences that show a substitution mutation are clearly:
If the question asks for only one option, then the first option shows clear substitution mutations.
The correct response that best describes how a liver cell and a skin cell can have the same DNA sequence but look different and perform different functions is:
The proteins are expressed differently in each cell.
Although both cell types have the same DNA, they express different genes, resulting in the production of different proteins. This differential gene expression is what leads to the distinct functions and appearances of the cells.
The step that Stella missed in her explanation is:
mRNA is translated into amino acids.
After DNA is transcribed into mRNA, the mRNA must be translated into an amino acid sequence at the ribosome. tRNA plays a crucial role in this process by bringing the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome, where the mRNA sequence is read and translated into a polypeptide chain (amino acid chain). This step is essential for completing the process of protein synthesis.
