Question

A) In 3-5 sentences, summarize how the change of state from ice to water is affected by the
relationship between kinetic energy and the forces of attraction. (4 points)
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Short Answer Rubric (4 points)
Points
Awarded Criteria
4 The answer is very clear.
The answer is fully supported by details.
There may be a few errors in grammar, usage, or mechanics. Errors do not interfere
with meaning.
3 The answer is mostly clear.
The answer is supported by mostly relevant details.
There are a few errors in grammar, usage, or mechanics. Errors do not interfere with
meaning.
2 The answer is somewhat clear.
Details are weak or not related.
There are some errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics. Errors interfere with
meaning.
1 The answer is not clear.
There are few or no supporting details.
There are many errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics. Errors interfere with
meaning.
0 The question is not answered.
Answer
A) Liquids take the shape of the bottom of their container, while gases take the shape of their
entire container. The shape solids take, however, is independent of their container. In 3–5
sentences, explain these patterns. (4 points)
Short Answer Rubric (4 points)
Points
Awarded Criteria
4 The answer is very clear.
The answer is fully supported by details.
There may be a few errors in grammar, usage, or mechanics. Errors do not interfere
with meaning.
3 The answer is mostly clear.
The answer is supported by mostly relevant details.
There are a few errors in grammar, usage, or mechanics. Errors do not interfere with
meaning.
2 The answer is somewhat clear.
Details are weak or not related.
There are some errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics. Errors interfere with
meaning.
1 The answer is not clear.
There are few or no supporting details.
There are many errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics. Errors interfere with
meaning.
0 The question is not answered.
Answer
A) Liquid water can be separated into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas through electrolysis.
mole of hydrogen gas and moles of oxygen gas are produced from mole of liquid water
and are collected into separate containers of the same volume at the same temperature. Are
the pressures of the gases equal? In one to two sentences, use the ideal gas law to explain
your answer. (2 points)
1
0.5 1
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Short Answer Rubric (2 points)
Points
Awarded Criteria
2 The answer is very clear.
The answer is fully supported by details.
There may be a few errors in grammar, usage, or mechanics. Errors do not interfere
with meaning.
1 The answer is somewhat clear.
Details are weak or not related.
There are some errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics. Errors interfere with
meaning.
0 The question is not answered.
Answer
Hydrogen selenide ( ) reacts with water according to the following equation.
(4 points)
H2Se
H2Se + H2O → SeH +
− H3O
+
In three to five sentences, identify the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base in this
reaction. Use the periodic table to explain why each substance acted as the acid or the base in
this reaction.
Short Answer Rubric (4 points)
Points
Awarded Criteria
4 The answer is very clear.
The answer is fully supported by details.
There may be a few errors in grammar, usage, or mechanics. Errors do not interfere
with meaning.
3 The answer is mostly clear.
The answer is supported by mostly relevant details.
There are a few errors in grammar, usage, or mechanics. Errors do not interfere with
meaning.
2 The answer is somewhat clear.
Details are weak or not related.
There are some errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics. Errors interfere with
meaning.
1 The answer is not clear.
There are few or no supporting details.
There are many errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics. Errors interfere with
meaning.
0 The question is not answered.
Answered by GPT-4o mini
The change of state from ice to water involves an increase in kinetic energy as heat is applied. In ice, water molecules are held closely together by strong forces of attraction, resulting in a solid structure with limited movement. As the temperature rises, the added energy causes the molecules to vibrate more rapidly, overcoming the attractive forces and allowing the ice to transition into the liquid state. This transformation exhibits the balance between kinetic energy, which promotes movement, and the forces of attraction, which stabilize the solid form.
Answered by GPT-4o mini
The behavior of solids, liquids, and gases in relation to their containers is primarily determined by the arrangement and movement of their molecules. Solids have a fixed structure and tightly packed molecules, allowing them to maintain a definite shape regardless of the container. In contrast, liquids have more loosely arranged molecules that can flow, so they take the shape of the bottom of their container while retaining a constant volume. Gases, with molecules that are far apart and rapidly moving, fill the entire volume of their container, adapting to any shape without a fixed volume. This distinction arises from the differences in molecular forces and energy levels in each state of matter.
Answered by GPT-4o mini
According to the ideal gas law (PV = nRT), pressure (P) is directly proportional to the number of moles (n) of gas when temperature (T) and volume (V) are constant. Since the electrolysis of water produces 2 moles of hydrogen gas for every 1 mole of oxygen gas, the pressure of hydrogen gas will be twice that of oxygen gas when both are collected in containers of the same volume and at the same temperature. Therefore, the pressures of the gases are not equal.
Answered by GPT-4o mini
In the reaction between hydrogen selenide (H₂Se) and water, H₂Se acts as the acid, while water (H₂O) serves as the base. This is because H₂Se donates a proton (H⁺), forming the conjugate base, selenide ion (SeH⁻), and generating the hydronium ion (H₃O⁺) as the conjugate acid. According to the periodic table, hydrogen selenide contains hydrogen and selenium; the presence of the more electronegative selenium makes H₂Se a weak acid since it can readily donate a proton. Water, being amphoteric, can either act as an acid or a base; in this case, it accepts a proton, thus functioning as a base in this particular reaction.