explain what happens in each of the two phases of photosynthesis in small sentance

Photosynthesis occurs in two main phases:

1. **Light-dependent reactions**: These take place in the thylakoid membranes, where sunlight is captured and converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH, while water is split, releasing oxygen as a byproduct.

2. **Calvin cycle (Light-independent reactions)**: This phase occurs in the stroma, where ATP and NADPH are used to convert carbon dioxide into glucose through a series of biochemical reactions.