To determine how many grams of chlorine (Cl) are in 38.0 grams of CFCl₃ (carbon tetrachloride), we first need to calculate the molar mass of CFCl₃.
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Determine the molar masses:
- Carbon (C): 12.01 g/mol
- Fluorine (F): 19.00 g/mol (there's one F in CFCl₃)
- Chlorine (Cl): 35.45 g/mol (there are three Cl in CFCl₃)
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Calculate the molar mass of CFCl₃: \[ \text{Molar mass of CFCl₃} = 12.01 , \text{g/mol (C)} + 19.00 , \text{g/mol (F)} + 3 \times 35.45 , \text{g/mol (Cl)} \] \[ = 12.01 + 19.00 + 3 \times 35.45 = 12.01 + 19.00 + 106.35 = 137.36 , \text{g/mol} \]
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Determine the mass percentage of Cl in CFCl₃: \[ \text{Mass of Cl in CFCl₃} = 3 \times 35.45 , \text{g/mol} = 106.35 , \text{g/mol} \] \[ \text{Percentage of Cl} = \left( \frac{106.35}{137.36} \right) \times 100 \approx 77.4% \]
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Now, calculate the mass of Cl in 38.0 g of CFCl₃: \[ \text{Mass of Cl} = 38.0 , \text{g} \times 0.774 \approx 29.4 , \text{g} \]
Therefore, there are approximately 29.4 grams of Cl in 38.0 grams of CFCl₃.