Question

Plutonium-239 is a radioactive isotope frequently employed as nuclear reactor fuel, with a half-life of 24,100 years. Approximately how much time would be required for 504 grams of plutonium-239 to undergo decay, leaving only 63 grams of plutonium-239 behind?(1 point)
Responses

24,100 years
24,100 years

72,300 years
72,300 years

96,400 years
96,400 years

48,200 years

Answers

GPT-4o mini
To determine how long it takes for 504 grams of plutonium-239 to decay to 63 grams, we can use the concept of half-lives.

1. Calculate how many half-lives it takes to go from 504 grams to 63 grams.

Starting amount = 504 grams
Final amount = 63 grams

To find the number of half-lives (n) that have occurred, we can use the formula:

\[
\text{Final amount} = \text{Initial amount} \times \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^n
\]

Plugging in the known values:

\[
63 = 504 \times \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^n
\]

Dividing both sides by 504:

\[
\frac{63}{504} = \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^n
\]

Simplifying the fraction:

\[
\frac{63}{504} = \frac{1}{8}
\]

Now we need to express \(\frac{1}{8}\) as a power of \(\frac{1}{2}\):

\[
\frac{1}{8} = \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3
\]

Thus, we can see that \(n = 3\).

2. Now, we need to find the total time for these 3 half-lives:

Since the half-life of plutonium-239 is 24,100 years, the total time for 3 half-lives is:

\[
3 \times 24,100 \text{ years} = 72,300 \text{ years}
\]

Thus, it would take **72,300 years** for 504 grams of plutonium-239 to decay to 63 grams.

The answer is **72,300 years**.