Which evidence would confirm that a given rock layer is newer than the layers around it?

Question

It cuts through all the other layers.
It is horizontally oriented.
It has been crumpled and folded while the others lie flat.
Other layers have been deposited above it.

Answer 1

The evidence that would confirm that a given rock layer is newer than the layers around it is:

It cuts through all the other layers.

This principle is known as the Law of Cross-Cutting Relationships, which states that if a geological feature (like a rock layer or fault) cuts through another layer, it is considered younger than the layers it interrupts.