Certainly! Prime factorization is the process of expressing a number as a product of its prime factors.
Steps for Prime Factorization:
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Identify the Number: Start with the number you want to factor.
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Check for Smallest Prime: Begin with the smallest prime number, which is 2. Check if the number is divisible by 2.
- If it is divisible, divide the number by 2 and keep 2 as a prime factor. Repeat this step with the quotient until it's no longer divisible by 2.
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Move to the Next Prime: Once the number is no longer divisible by 2, move on to the next smallest prime which is 3. Check if the quotient is divisible by 3.
- Repeat the same division process as with 2.
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Continue Dividing: Keep moving to the next prime numbers (5, 7, 11, etc.) and repeat the division process until the quotient reaches 1.
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List the Prime Factors: Once you can no longer divide, list out all the prime factors you've used.
Example:
Let's find the prime factors of 60.
- Start with 60.
- Check 2: \(60 \div 2 = 30\) (2 is a prime factor)
- Check 2 again: \(30 \div 2 = 15\) (another 2 is a prime factor)
- Check 3: \(15 \div 3 = 5\) (3 is a prime factor)
- Finally, 5 is also a prime number and divides itself: \(5 \div 5 = 1\)
Prime Factorization of 60:
So, the prime factorization of 60 is \(2^2 \times 3^1 \times 5^1\) or simply \(2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 5\).
Tips:
- Divisibility Rules: Familiarize yourself with the divisibility rules of the first few prime numbers to speed up the process.
- Using Factor Trees: You can also create a factor tree where you write the number at the top, divide it by prime numbers down to 1, which visually represents the factorization process.
Let me know if you have any other questions or need further clarification!